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- After a period of eight years during which the conflict raged between the independence project,

- supported by the Group of 11 January 1944,

- and the French Union one, the Moroccan cause, as it was called at the time, entered into a new phase marked by solemn and open confrontations

- between the king and the national movement on one side, and the resident-general and the Paris Government on the other side, with a rhythm that precipitated the explosion.

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- The conflict was marked more and more on the diplomatic level, where parties of the Moroccan National Front were active

- in the Arab League and the UN, to put pressure on France for the abolition of the protectorate.

- At the same time the stage was set inside the country to stimulate the emergence of a strong reality that would make the wanted echo on the international level.

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- The project of the French Union collapsed, giving way to efforts made for the abolition of the protectorate.

- But the French camp, represented by General Augustin Guillaume, had pushed the events towards the explosion

- to permanently get rid of the obstacles that prevented the progress of colonization projects.

- Augustin Guillaume expressed his big distress further to the major echoes of the Moroccan cause on the international scene,

- by declaring in the daily newspaper Le Petit Marocain that the fate of Morocco will certainly not be decided neither in Moscow nor in Cairo, where Ali El Faci spread his venom such a viper.

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- General William is known for his determination to strike, relentlessly, the viper

- and also to dissolve the popular basis of which Mohamed V boasts. From then on, events accelerated and pushed to the final collision.

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- The worsening of the tensions that took place in the South, between Mohamed V ans the marshal Juin,

- was manifested in the crisis of February 1951.

- It was obvious that France was following its plan

- to integrate Morocco into the French Union and to promulgate laws giving to the French settlers the right to legislate alongside with Moroccans in the regional councils.

- This seemed so obvious. Ali El Faci collaborates with the National Party that was set up at that time,

- in the occasion of a large campaign to denounce the colonial orientation, especially as he realized that the throne was aimed.

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- In August 1951, Augustin Guillaume became Resident General in Rabat.

- Another general who, like marshal Juin , had a military history in Morocco.

- He came to carry out the tasks begun by his predecessors.

- Right after his assumption of duties, he asserted his determination to eradicate the nationalists, but at the same time he used diplomatic language with King Mohamed V to comply with the protocol.

- General Guillaume had come up with a plan that had satisfied his predecessor General Juin, this latter had a major role in his naming as resident general.

- A researcher summed it up by the following expression:

- Before striking the head (Mohamed V), Guillaume will first strike the body (its popularity).

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- The Moroccan cause had clearly gained an international dimension,

- thanks to the Arab League that it allowed it to make its voice heard at the UN. In its summit of September 1951,

- which took place one month after Augustin Guillaume arrival at Rabat, the Arab League decided to denounce France in front of the international community.

- During the Summit of the General Assembly which was held in Paris in 1951,

- Morocco submitted its complaint and France was asked to review the situation of its colonies, and to allow people of the country to have their autonomy.

- That was the first complaint against a colonial country, lodged in the international community by a nation still subject to colonization.

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- France replied that this case concerned it and only it, and that the UN should not intervene in a matter which concerned only two parts: France and Morocco.

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- All eyes were on the throne and the speech that was going to be pronounced about the conflict with France,

- since the king was the representative of the country's capital. This latter met the expectations,

- stating in his speech that the best governance of a country that have its self-governing is the democratic one.

- Then, he talked about his trip to France, where he tried hard to achieve his objectives.

- Then he said: "We have presented our demands in two memorandums on October the 3rd and November, the 1st, 1950,

- to build relations between Morocco and France, based on an agreement that guarantees to Morocco its full sovereignty and maintaining in the same time a relationship with France based on friendship"

- He added : " In spite of what we endured this year further to the crisis and the painful events , we did not stop making efforts to achieve our goals".

- He concluded his speech by praying for all Arab and Muslim brothers to express his gratitude for the initiative of the National Front party

- in supporting the countries of the Arab League in the UN.

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- The Office of the General Assembly of the United Nations approved the competence of the Committee to treat the Moroccan cause,

- and so it countered the colonial position that defends the thesis that the Moroccan cause is an internal affair of France.

- After many discussions, the General Assembly decided to postpone the matter,

- but not before speeches are pronounced from the rostrum of the General Assembly in Paris to denounce the colonial policy of France in Morocco.

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- After the unfortunate pleading pronounced by Robert Schuman in the General Assembly ,

- France could only withdraw from the meeting of the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations.

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- The important popular echo in Morocco due to the presentation of its cause in the UN angered the anger of the French people in Paris and Rabat.

- Consequently, the national movement was a victim of violence and traitors were manipulated to destroy Mohamed V, and the national parties accused of atheism and to have ideologies coming from outside.

- In this context, the French media propagated the idea that nationalist initiatives should be seen in terms of the Cold War

- and they went as far as accusing the Moroccan national movement of communism.

- Several statements of general Guillaume and Gnawi were published in the newspaper Le Petit Marocain accusing the Moroccan party named Istiqlal (Independence) of communism and describing Mohamed V as King of the Istiqlal Party and the Communists.

- El- Ghanawi and El- Katari used formulas on atheism to discredit the political and social initiatives, as well as nationalist Mohamed V.

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- I think the changes started in 1944 firstly to claim the independence.

- From then on, Morocco would content itself with only a reform.

- Things began to be clearer and the main objective was independence.

- On the other hand, what did facilitate this is that France, exhausted, had just gone out from a war.

- From 1945 it was obvious that there was no possible debate between the General-Residence and Mohamed V or the national movement.

- Furthermore, the transition to independence or confrontation was imperative at that stage.

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- A feeling prevailed that the time for the final confrontation was approaching, because all diplomatic cards had been played,

- then came the Al Hanssari incident in May 1951, which inflamed the crowds.

- This man who carried alone weapons and went underground out of Qasbet Tadla where he destabilized an entire legion of the army of occupation.

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